UNIVERSITY of GLASGOW

artist, children, man, portrait, sketching.

Whistler's original title is not known, although a title for the set of etchings was etched on the copper plate.

'Treize Eaux Fortes d'après Nature' (1858, Whistler). 4
'Whistler Sketching' (1910, Edward Guthrie Kennedy (1849-1932)). 5
'An Artist Sketching' (2010, Whistler Etching Project).

Whistler's inscribed title is intended for the 'French Set' rather than this individual etching. Kennedy's title is inaccurate since the etching was based on a drawing of Ernest Delannoy (d. 1860/1870). However, since it is not absolutely certain that Ernest was the sitter, 'An Artist Sketching' is the preferred title.

The 'French Set' contained thirteen etchings in all - that is, twelve etchings plus the frontispiece; this explains why this preliminary design for the frontispiece specifies 'Treize Eaux Fortes', which was changed to 'douze' in the final design (The Title Page for 'Douze Eaux Fortes d'après Nature' 022).

A group of children, and behind them a woman and two men, stand looking at a seated artist who is sketching. The artist, seen from the back, wears a low-crowned, broad-brimmed hat, and his knapsack lies on the ground behind him.

An artist sketching m0270, pencil, Freer Gallery of Art.

The etching is based on the drawing reproduced above, An artist sketching m0270. It was probably Ernest Delannoy (d. 1860/1870) who posed for the drawing. Charles L. Drouet (1836-1908) told the Pennells years later that Whistler and Delannoy wore similar linen suits for their trip 'and so Ernest was able to pose for the portrait, all but the face, in the title to The French Set of etchings'. 6

Whistler's drawings may have been intended to be used as the basis for etchings when he returned to Paris. Drawings have survived for five of the etchings in the 'French Set': Street at Saverne 014, La Marchande de Moutarde 020, The Kitchen 016 and The Title Page for 'Douze Eaux Fortes d'après Nature' 022. The drawings are: The Kitchen m0235, A street at Saverne m0237, An artist sketching m0270, r.: Succès d'Erneste à Cologne; v.: Tracing of recto m0271, La Marchande de Poterie à Cologne m0272 and La Marchande de Moutarde m0273.

However, one can not assume that where no drawings survived, there were none. Some drawings may have been an aide-memoire for etchings already started, some may have formed the complete and sole basis for etchings done on the trip or when Whistler returned home. Some etchings, like The Unsafe Tenement 018, were drawn direct from nature. Finally, some were based on more than one drawing.

This draft of the title page was just such a composite: it showed the artist from the back, and to his right, the three figures watching him (reversed from the drawing). However, in the etching, Whistler added four more figures. Some details of the drawing were lost in the etching, and for once, Whistler lost the character of the figures, without adding any sense of life or drama. He also made several mistakes in the writing.