UNIVERSITY of GLASGOW

children, landscape, parasol, people, picnic, ramparts, windmill, woman.

Variations on the title are as follows:


'Ramparts, (The)' (1887/1888, Whistler). 1
'Ramparts' (1888, Whistler). 2
'The Ramparts (Sandwich) ' (1889, Whistler). 3
'Ramparts, Sandwich' (1902, Edward Guthrie Kennedy (1849-1932)). 4


'The Ramparts, Sandwich' is based on one of Whistler's titles.

An embankment, with bushes growing on it, leads, at far right, to a windmill. On the slope, below a big bush in the centre, four girls are sitting on the left, and a mother and child to right, all - including the baby- wearing hats. Walking on the top of the embankment to left of the same bush, are two women, one under a parasol, the other leading a child. Another group of people are standing by a fence to left of the windmill, in the distance.

The town of Sandwich, Kent, UK. Sandwich is a mediaeval town, one of the Cinque Ports, and was originally a major port. Now it is two miles from the sea, but still boasts fine old pubs, almshouses, churches, the old town gate and a windmill. At various times Sandwich had at least eight windmills of which the White Mill, built in 1760, still survives: the Black Mill was burnt down about 1910. There was also a Post Mill, the Town Mill and another mill on the Mill wall. A sixth windmill stood in north-west Sandwich, west of the railway. 5